A WORLD OF EXTREMES
I. Vocabulary Concepts – Listen and define the following words.
HDI – Human Development Index
Statistics – data or information that applies to a particular concept
Disparity –
Continent –
Life Expectancy –
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) –
Infant Mortality –
Literacy –
II. The Developing World / Student Activity Sheet – Complete the information on the handout using either the website (see the handout) or the maps posted.
III. Reflection and Observations…
In partners, brainstorm 5 questions using some of the “Stems” below that relate to this mapping assignment.
• I wonder…
• In noticed that…
• Why is it that…
• When you compare…. and ….
• Maybe the reason…
• The disparity we noticed between ____ and _____ might be because…
• In order to reduce/help ____, some countries around the world are…
STANDARD OF LIVING COMPARISONS
I. Vocabuary Concepts – Define these words AFTER our lesson on Standard of Living in the World
Standard of Living
Gross Domestic Product and PPP – New REVISED definition ( Explain how they are connected)
Longevity
The United Nations – Brief Summary…
Reference: Extracted from: Basic Facts About the United Nations 2000; www.un.org
The name "United Nations", coined by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was first used in the "Declaration by United Nations" of 1 January 1942, during the Second World War, when representatives of 26 nations pledged their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers.
States first established international organizations to cooperate on specific matters. The International Telecommunication Union was founded in 1865 as the International Telegraph Union, and the Universal Postal Union was established in 1874. Both are now United Nations specialized agencies.
In 1899, the International Peace Conference was held in The Hague to elaborate instruments for settling crises peacefully, preventing wars and codifying rules of warfare. It adopted the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes and established the Permanent Court of Arbitration, which began work in 1902.
The forerunner of the United Nations was the League of Nations, an organization conceived in similar circumstances during the first World War, and established in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles "to promote international cooperation and to achieve peace and security." The International Labour Organization was also created under the Treaty of Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League. The League of Nations ceased its activities after failing to prevent the Second World War.
In 1945, representatives of 50 countries met in San Francisco at the United Nations Conference on International Organization to draw up the United Nations Charter. Those delegates deliberated on the basis of proposals worked out by the representatives of China, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom and the United States at Dumbarton Oaks, United States in August-October 1944. The Charter was signed on 26 June 1945 by the representatives of the 50 countries. Poland, which was not represented at the Conference, signed it later and became one of the original 51 Member States.
The United Nations officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, when the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, the United States and by a majority of other signatories. United Nations Day is celebrated on 24 October each year.
MILES STONES FOR THE ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE UNITED NATIONS
The United Nations was established in the aftermath of a devastating war to help stabilize international relations and give peace a more secure foundation.
Amid the threat of nuclear war and seemingly endless regional conflicts, peace-keeping has become an overriding concern of the United Nations. In the process, the activities of blue-helmeted peace-keepers have emerged as the most visible role associated with the world organization.
The United Nations, however, is much more than a peace-keeper and forum for conflict resolution. Often without attracting attention, the United Nations and its family of agencies are engaged in a vast array of work that touches every aspect of people's lives around the world.
Child survival and development. Environmental protection. Human rights. Health and medical research. Alleviation of poverty and economic development. Agricultural development and fisheries. Education. Family planning. Emergency and disaster relief. Air and sea travel. Peaceful uses of atomic energy. Labour and workers' rights. The list goes on. Here, in brief, is a sampling of what the United Nations organizations have accomplished since 1945 when the world organization was founded.
1. Maintaining peace and security - By having deployed a total of 54 peace-keeping forces and observer missions as of September 2001, the United Nations has been able to restore calm to allow the negotiating process to go forward while saving millions of people from becoming casualties of conflicts. There are presently 15 active peace-keeping forces in operation.
2. Making peace - Since 1945, the United Nations has been credited with negotiating many peaceful settlements that have ended regional conflicts. Recent cases include an end to the Iran-Iraq war, the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan, and an end to the civil war in El Salvador. The United Nations has used quiet diplomacy to avert imminent wars.
3. Promoting democracy - The United Nations has enabled people in many countries to participate in free and fair elections, including those held in Cambodia, Namibia, El Salvador, Eritrea, Mozambique, Nicaragua, South Africa, Kosovo and East Timor. It has provided electoral advice, assistance, and monitoring of results.
4. Promoting development - The UN system has devoted more attention and resources to the promotion of the development of human skills and potentials than any other external assistance effort. The system's annual disbursements, including loans and grants, amount to more than $10 billion. The UN Development Programme (UNDP), in close cooperation with over 170 Member States and other UN agencies, designs and implements projects for agriculture, industry, education, and the environment. It supports more than 5,000 projects with a budget of $1.3 billion. It is the largest multilateral source of grant development assistance. The World Bank, at the forefront in mobilizing support for developing countries worldwide, has alone loaned $333 billion for development projects since 1946. In addition, UNICEF spends more than $800 million a year, primarily on immunization, health care, nutrition and basic education in 138 countries.
5. Promoting human rights Since adopting the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, the United Nations has helped enact dozens of comprehensive agreements on political, civil, economic, social and cultural rights. By investigating individual complaints of human rights abuses, the UN Human Rights Commission has focused world attention on cases of torture, disappearance, and arbitrary detention and has generated international pressure to be brought on governments to improve their human rights records.
6. Protecting the environment - The United Nations has played a vital role in fashioning a global programme designed to protect the environment. The "Earth Summit," the UN Conference on Environment and Development held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, resulted in treaties on biodiversity and climate change, and all countries adopted "Agenda 21" - a blueprint to promote sustainable development or the concept of economic growth while protecting natural resources.
7. Preventing nuclear proliferation - The United Nations, through the International Atomic Energy Agency, has helped minimize the threat of a nuclear war by inspecting nuclear reactors in 90 countries to ensure that nuclear materials are not diverted for military purposes.
8. Promoting self determination and independence - The United Nations has played a role in bringing about independence in countries that are now among its Member States.
9. Strengthening international law - Over 300 international treaties, on topics as varied as human rights conventions to agreements on the use of outer space and seabed, have been enacted through the efforts of the United Nations.
10. Handing down judicial settlements of major international disputes - By giving judgments and advisory opinions, the International Court of Justice has helped settle international disputes involving territorial issues, non-interference in the internal affairs of States, diplomatic relations, hostage-taking, the right of asylum, rights of passage and economic rights.
11. Ending apartheid in South Africa - By imposing measures ranging from an arms embargo to a convention against segregated sporting events, the United Nations was a major factor in bringing about the downfall of the apartheid system, which the General Assembly called "a crime against humanity." Elections were held in April 1994 in which all South Africans were allowed to participate on an equal basis, followed by the establishment of a majority government.
12. Providing humanitarian aid to victims of conflict - More than 30 million refugees fleeing war, famine or persecution have received aid from the UN High Commissioner for Refugees since 1951 in a continuing effort coordinated by the United Nations that often involves other agencies. There are more than 19 million refugees, mostly women and children, who are receiving food, shelter, medical aid, education and repatriation assistance.
II. The Developing World / Standard of Living Comparison Sheet – Complete the information on the handout using either the website (see the handout) or the maps posted.
III. Reflection and Observations…
What is the relationship between GDP and Literacy Rates?
What did you notice about the diverse range of standards of living around the world? What solutions can you think of to solve the problem of unequal distribution of wealth in the world? Write your answer in the form of a neat web with many branches and details to support your ideas.
ECONOMICS AND CULTURE – “3 PLUS U”
Looking at Global Economies…
What does it mean to have a “global economy””
How does the spending of consumers in Canada, impact life or work in other countries?
Why should we care about work and labour conditions in other countries?
What does it mean to be a reflective or a “moral” consumer?
In the following lesson, we are going to reflect on the above questions in addition to other tasks or assignments…
Go to the following website… Bring your earphones, it has sound effects and music.
http://cyberschoolbus.un.org/3PLUSU/index.html
EXPLORING GLOBALIZATION
What is “globalization”? In this part of the lesson, you will be exploring what that term means, then thinking about the advantages and disadvantages of this term.
I. Pre-mapping Discussion
What is globalization? – Discuss and write your own definition.
How has globalization affected you?
In groups brainstorm in the form of the web how you are impacted by globalization.
(Do on white paper using a ruler)
II. Mapping Activity/Student Activity Sheet – Assessing Canada’s Role in Globalization
• Complete the information on the handout using either the website (see the handout) or the maps posted.
• You will 2 maps: Canada and the World and The Developing World
III. Reflection
International Development – What is your definition??
Google- World Bank and skim/scan the information on the site. This website relates to International Development. Find out what the exact definition of the term is…
IV. What are the advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization?? Persuasive Paragraph – Choose a side! You are working for the World Bank and you want to persuade nations around the world that either globalization is a benefit… or it is not a benefit. In a short response of 3 paragraphs you are going to present your reasons using actual facts from our discussion in this lesson, websites or other factual sources.
Use the Persuasive Argument to structure your response.
1. Introduction to issue
2. Present your side
3. Give 3-4 reasons well explained with support and reasons using persuasive language.
4. Present reasons – lead with your Ace and end with your King… Listen and find out what that means.
5. Conclusion – Wrap it up/summarize and end with a clincher to leave your audience convinced!
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